Soviet commemorative npib: tshuaj xyuas thiab piav qhia ntawm qhov muaj nqis tshaj plaws

2024 Tus sau: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-26 05:10

Rau ntau tshaj ob centuries ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab monetary system, nws tsis yog kev cai rau mint commemorative npib. Cov nyiaj npib tsis tshua muaj siab rau cov xwm txheej keeb kwm - nco txog rubles rau 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Patriotic War ntawm 1812, 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Romanov dynasty, 200th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Gangut yeej - tau minted nyob rau hauv Tsarist Russia. Lub Mint ntawm lub Soviet Union nyob rau hauv 1924 muab tso rau hauv ib tug nyiaj ruble thiab tsib caug kopecks, lub cim uas haum rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj thiab qhia txog cov tswv yim tshaj tawm los ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Cov no yog thawj lub cim nco txog ntawm USSR, cov tub ntxhais hluas socialist xeev.

kev lig kev cai ntawm minting commemorative npib

Txoj kev ntseeg ruaj khov ntawm minting npib rau hnub ua koob tsheej thiab hnub nco txog pib xyoo 1965, thaum, ntawm 20th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev yeej ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, hlau rub tawm nrog cov duab ntawm lub monument rau Liberator Tub Rog hauv Treptow Park. hauv Berlin. Txij thaum ntawd los, ntau lub cim nco txog Soviet npib ntawm qee lub ntsiab lus tau raug minted tsis tu ncua, xws li "Monuments of the Motherland", "Npib ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Tsov Rog" thiab lwm yam.

Technologyua commemorative npib

Ua ib npib ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yog txheej txheem nyuaj. Raws li kev pom zoo sketch, tus tswv engraver sculpted ib tug kos duab los ntawm siv quav ciab los yog av nplaum, qhov luaj li cas ntawm uas yog tsib lub sij hawm loj dua li qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub npib. Qhov siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyem tsis tshaj ib millimeter. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo ua tiav thawj zaug, lub plaster pwm raug tshem tawm, raws li cov qauv tsim tau. Cov qauv tam sim no yog ua los ntawm cov yas. Yav dhau los, epoxy resin tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Ua ntej tau txais cov resin thiab qhia nws mus rau hauv ntau lawm, tus qauv yog tsim los ntawm ib tug heev imperfect thiab siv zog-intensive galvanoplastic txoj kev.

Tom qab ntawd, ntawm lub tshuab engraving thiab luam tawm, cov duab los ntawm cov qauv raug xa mus rau hauv daim ntawv txo kom loj npaum li lub npib yav tom ntej mus rau ib daim ntawv hlau. Qhov no tau ua raws li kev kos duab, tig thiab kho cua sov ntawm lub npib yav tom ntej. Cov duab tsis zoo tau minted los ntawm cov qauv tiav. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib lub cuab tam npaj rau minting npib - ib lub thwj.

npib tsis sib haum yog tus npau suav suavismatist

Nyob ntawm kev ncig ntawm cov nyiaj npib npaj rau kev tso tawm, ntau tus lej sib txawv rau minting tau ua. Kev sib koom ntawm kev siv tes ua haujlwm hauv lawv cov khoom siv tau zoo heev. Qee lub sij hawm cov nyiaj muas tau sib txawv hauv kev nthuav dav lossis ua yuam kev hauv lawv. Xws li cov nyiaj npib tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nuj nqis los ntawm numismatists, qhov kim tshaj plaws yog npib nrog kev ua yuam kev. Cov nqi niaj hnub rau Soviet npib ua kev nco txog ntawm tib lub koob sib txawv heev vim muaj qhov sib txawv me me hauv engraving lossis edging dav.

Lub Kaum Hli series

Rau hnub tim tsib caug ntawm lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Socialistkiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv 1967, lub State Bank ntawm lub USSR muab ib tug series ntawm commemorative npib ntawm ntau yam denominations - 10, 15, 20, 50 kopecks thiab 1 ruble. Qhov no yog tib koob ntawm Soviet npib ua koob tsheej nyob rau hauv uas muaj npib nyob rau hauv denominations ntawm tsawg tshaj li ib tug ruble. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis kam muab cov nyiaj npib ua kev nco txog hauv kopecks yog qhov nyuaj hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo me me.

Ntawm lub ruble thiab ib npib tsib caug kopecks, daim duab ntawm Lenin yog depicted tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ib tug loj rauj thiab mob, engraver Nikolai Filippov. Ntawm lub npib ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv 15 kopecks - cov duab puab ntawm V. Mukhina "Tus neeg ua hauj lwm thiab Collective ua liaj ua teb poj niam", nyob rau hauv lub 20-kopeck npib - lub legendary cruiser "Aurora".

thawj jubilee ruble ntawm koob tau minted nrog kev ncig ntawm 52,711,250 npib, ntawm 211,250 yog cov khoom sau - tsis muaj pob zeb diamond thiab pov thawj zoo li. Tus nqi tam sim no ntawm 1 ruble "50 xyoo ntawm lub zog Soviet" ntawm cov numismatists nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm minting thiab thaj tsam ntawm 200 rubles. rau ib tug phem khaws cia huab hwm coj nyiaj npib mus txog 30 txhiab rubles rau ib tug zoo-preserved pov thawj zoo li npib.

Nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj npib ua koob tsheej rau lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, ib daim duab ntawm V. I. Lenin yuav tsum minted ua ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Marxism-Leninism. Goznak muab ib lub cim nco txog Soviet ib qho rau 50th thiab 60th ib xyoos, thiab peb lub npib rau 70th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm hnub nco.

Nyob rau hauv denomination ntawm commemorative npib

Nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj npib rau lub 70th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj, ntxiv rau cov tsoos denomination ntawm ib ruble, npib tau minted nyob rau hauv denominationspeb thiab tsib rubles. Ib npib ntawm tsib rubles muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 39 hli, qhov no yog ib tug loj tshaj plaws npib nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Cov nyiaj npib tom ntej tau muab nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 35 mm.

Nyob ntawm qhov thim rov qab ntawm tsib-ruble npib muaj ib lub pob nyem ntawm Lenin tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm tus chij stylized, lub folds uas ua rau hnub tim 1917. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj ntxiv nrog cov ntawv cim nco txog thiab laurel. ceg.

Nyob ntawm qhov thim rov qab ntawm peb-ruble npib, ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ua cim lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm kev kiv puag ncig: ib tug tub rog neeg pluag, ib tug neeg ua haujlwm thiab tus neeg tsav nkoj nrog phom nyob hauv lawv txhais tes.

Lub ruble npib ntawm qhov teeb meem no nrog cov duab ntawm lub nkoj nkoj "Aurora" yog qhov nthuav dav rau kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws, mus txog rau lub nkoj cov khoom siv, sib piv rau cov duab dav dav ntawm lub nkoj nkoj legendary ntawm nees nkaum- kopeck npib xyoo 1967.

Series "Classics ntawm Marxism-Leninism"

Thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1970, ruble tau minted rau 100 xyoo ntawm hnub yug ntawm Lenin. Tus sau ntawm cov me me, nrog rau cov nyiaj npib hauv kev hwm ntawm Marx thiab Engels, tau tshaj tawm xyoo 1983, yog tus kws kos duab ntawm Moscow Hoobkas ntawm Goznak V. A. Ermakov. Lub npib yog minted nrog hom classic ntawm daim duab ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig hauv profile.

Tom qab ntawd, ib lub cim nco txog ruble npib cim lub 115th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev yug los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig.

npib ua kev nco txog rau Karl Marx thiab Friedrich Engels yog qhov tshwj xeeb.

Ntawm cov nyiaj npib dhau los, tag nrho cov duab kos tau minted hauv profile. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim dua los piav qhia thiab ua tiav qhov zoo sib xws rau qhov qub. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom ua tiav qhov zoo sib xws thiab nthuav qhia lub ntsej muag nrog tsuas yog kaum, pua pua ntawm ib millimeters. Tus kws kos duab-engraver yuav tsum muaj qhov tshwj xeebkev xav ntawm nyem thiab hlau.

zoo nyiaj npib

Txij li thaum Olympics-80, ib qho kev tsim kho tshiab tau qhia rau hauv cov lej hauv tsev tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg sau: cov nyiaj npib zoo tau muab tso rau hauv kev ncig. Nyob rau hauv numismatics, xws li technology yog denoted los ntawm lus Askiv lo lus "pov thawj". Hauv qhov no, txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib lub npib yog qhov nyuaj heev. Ua ntej, tus engraver yuav tsum ua kom ntau dua li niaj zaus, muab qhov tseeb tias lub dav hlau tuag yuav tom qab ntawd polished rau daim iav tiav. Tab sis txawm tias ua ntej polishing, daim duab yog "matted" - nws yog ua tiav nrog cov hmoov abrasive txau nrog lub dav hlau cua. Tom qab xws li kev kho mob, qhov saum npoo yuav silvery-matte, zoo li yog hlawv los ntawm sab hauv. Cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tsis txhob kov ntawm tes: lawv muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab yas. Hauv cov ntawv no, Mint tau rov minted tag nrho cov nyiaj npib yav dhau los txij li qhov teeb meem xyoo 1965, suav nrog lub Kaum Hli series.

1980 Olympic Games Series

Moscow Olympics yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev nom kev tswv, thiab nyob rau hauv 1977-1980 Goznak muab ib tug stunningly zoo nkauj series ntawm 45 npib nrog cov cim ntawm lub Olympic ua si. Cov nyiaj npib yog ntau yam denominations, los ntawm 1 USSR ruble mus rau 150 rubles, ua los ntawm ob qho tib si tooj liab-nickel alloy thiab high-qib precious hlau: kub, nyiaj thiab platinum.

Kev thim rov qab ntawm cov nyiaj npib tooj liab-nickel tau piav qhia cov cim, cov nroog thiab cov chaw ua kis las ntawm xyoo 1980 Olympics.

A series ntawm platinum npib nplooj siab rau keeb kwm ntawm Olympickev ua si. Stylized niaj hnub Olympic thiab pej xeem kev ua si yog minted rau nyiaj npib commemorative. Ntawm cov nyiaj npib kub yog cov cim ntawm Moscow Olympics thiab chaw ua si.

Cov npib zoo nkauj Soviet no qhia txog kev sib txawv ntawm Olympic thiab pej xeem kev ua si thiab yog ib qho chaw zoo heev rau lub sijhawm nthuav hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb tsis ntev los no.