Beading: keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim

2024 Tus sau: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-26 05:15

Ntawm cov ntau yam ntawm needlework, beadwork occupies ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm rov qab mus rau lub sij hawm ancient. Hom kev kos duab no yog nrov heev thiab nthuav dav hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nrog zam tiam sis, thiab cov evolution ntawm cov khoom no thiab cov tswv yim rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog nws coj qhov chaw nyob rau tib lub pace raws li kev vam meej.

BC

Keeb kwm ntawm beading pib txawm ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev vam meej thaum ub. Cov khoom no yeej ib txwm nyiam masters ntawm txawv eras nrog nws zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Kev kos duab ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog nws originated nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm primitive neeg.

Txawm yog thaum ub los, thaum tsis muaj ib yam li "cov hlaws", cov neeg dai lawv lub cev nrog cov khoom ua los ntawm pob zeb lossis tsiaj fangs, qhov twg yog qhov ua rau txoj hlua.

Cov hlaws dai kuj tau nrov thaum lub sijhawm muaj zog thaum ub. Peb cov poj koob yawm txwv tau siv lawv los ua khoom dai thiab ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntawm dab phem. Ntawm cov khoom qub uas nyob deb ntawm ib lub teb chaws, archaeologists txog niaj hnub no pom cov pob zeb polished nyob rau hauv uas lub qhov tau drilled.

Thawj xa tawm

Keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm simbeading thiab beadwork kuj tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum tib neeg ua khoom siv rau lawv tus kheej los ntawm ntau yam noob, pods, txiv ntseej, plhaub, nrog rau claws thiab pob txha. Ntau tshaj li ib tus neeg ntseeg tias yog nws hnav ib qho ntawm ib qho ntawm cov tsiaj tua, cov khoom zoo li no yuav tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tsiaj nyaum no lossis ua rau nws muaj zog thiab ua siab loj.

Keeb kwm ntawm hlaws dai thiab hlaws dai kuj txuas nrog kev tsim cov hlaws av los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv. Potters tua lawv thiab npog lawv nrog xim. Thaum cov khoom siv tes ua pib tsim, cov khoom hlau nrog lub qhov pib nthuav tawm. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov talismans tau tsim los ntawm lawv, lawv tau ua ib qho kev sib tham sib tham, lawv tseem ua cim kev nplua nuj thiab lub hwj chim.

Indians

Nrog kev pab ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, tib neeg tau qhia lawv lub ntiaj teb kev pom. Cov kev xav zoo li no tau nyiam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas. Keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlaws dai yog inextricably txuas nrog cov neeg Isdias Asmesliskas, uas siv cov hlaws dai rau hauv tsev, weaved ribbons los ntawm lawv rau hauv lawv cov plaub hau, thiab embroidered khaub ncaws nrog lawv. Tsis muaj headband, ritual siv, menyuam txaj lossis lub thawv snuff tuaj yeem dai kom zoo nkauj yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv no.

Hauv North America, lawv kuj tau siv cov hlaws ua los ntawm cov plhaub thiab plaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lwm yam khoom siv los tsim lawv. Piv txwv li, corals, turquoise, nyiaj, thiab lwm yam tau ua tiav rau lub hom phiaj no.

Jade tau nrov heev ntawm Maya thiab Olmecs. Tsis tas li ntawd, archaeologists tau pom cov hlaws dai raws likub thiab pob zeb siv lead ua. Thiab cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub feem ntau siv cov pob zeb tshwj xeeb los tsim cov hlaws dai.

Ancient Egypt

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov hlaws dai rov qab mus rau Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws, uas yog raug hu ua qhov chaw yug ntawm hom koob no. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no iav tau invented txog 3 txhiab xyoo dhau los, los ntawm uas cov zus tau tej cov thawj tiag tiag hlaws dai pib. Thaum xub thawj lawv tau opaque thiab tau siv los kho cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov vaj ntxwv loj. Cov neeg Iyiv kuj yoj saw caj dab thiab paj ntaub rau lawv.

Keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm beading ua raws li txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov noob neej. Nyob rau thawj theem ntawm lawv lub neej, cov hlaws dai no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ua cov khoom siv rau paj ntaub thiab cov xov paj ntau tshaj plaws. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, cov ntawv thov hloov pauv tshiab tau pib tshwm sim.

Qhov kev tsim ntawm mesh weaving yog lub zog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom ywj pheej los ntawm qhov haum. Tom qab ntawd ntau yam qauv thiab cov qauv pib siv ntau thiab ntau zaus, thiab cov hlaws tau txav mus rau qib tshiab. Cov neeg Iyiv tau ua ke cov iav hlaws nrog ntau yam pob zeb muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no pib kis mus rau lwm lub tebchaws.

Lub Tebchaws Roman thiab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb

Tam sim tom qab tim lyiv teb chaws, Syria tau tuav rab chais hlaws, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho lub tebchaws Loos, raws li tag nrho lub ntiaj teb. Cov neeg Suav tau tsim ib lub cuab yeej uas muaj cov xov hlau ncab hauv ib lub thav duab ntoo, raws liuas cov hlaws dai glided. Nws siv los txog niaj hnub no thiab hu ua abacus.

Cov neeg Loos tau muag cov hlaws dai hauv txhua thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Qhov kev sib haum no kuj tsis yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau cov Celts thiab Vikings thaum ub, uas wove hlaws thiab bracelets los ntawm nws, embroidered khaub ncaws. Qee cov neeg thaum ub siv nws los ua ib qho kev sib txuas lus.

Keeb kwm ntawm cov hlaws dai hauv tebchaws Russia hnub rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm cov neeg Sarmatian thiab Scythian pawg neeg nomadic. Beaded khaub ncaws thiab khau tau nrov heev ntawm lawv. Txawm tias ob peb centuries ua ntej pib ntawm peb era, lawv twb sheathed lub dab tshos, lub tes tsho thiab lub hauv siab ntawm lub tsho nrog iav pob. Tsis muaj yeeb yuj hlaws dai thiab dai kom zoo nkauj paj, siv thiab kaus mom.

Venice

Beading, uas nws keeb kwm yog inextricably txuas nrog glassmaking, kuj tau nquag tsim nyob rau hauv Venice. Tom qab Roman faj tim teb chaws poob lawm, ntau tus tswv los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Byzantium tau tsiv mus rau lub tebchaws no. Nyob rau hauv lub 10-12 centuries, hlaws dai thiab ntau yam handicrafts los ntawm lawv tau tsim nyob rau ntawm no.

Thiab txij li xyoo pua 13th, qhov kev lag luam no tau mus txog qib tshiab ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 90s, tag nrho cov iav factories tau tsiv mus rau lub kob ntawm Murano. Craftsmen tau ua ntau yam hlaws dai, hlaws dai, nyees khawm, nrog rau cov tais diav thiab iav. Lawv kuj nquag muag tag nrho lawv cov creation.

Naples txawv ntawm lwm lub chaw ua khoom siv tes ua hauv nws tau ua cov corals rau ntau pua xyoo. iav tshuab ua tib zoozais los ntawm Venetian masters. Daim ntawv qhia ua dej qab zib yog qhov tshwj xeeb zais cia.

Nws tau ntxiv rau cov xuab zeb kom tau txais cov khoom siv uas cov hlaws tau ua raws. Zaj dab neeg kuj qhia txog qhov tseeb tias iav raug txwv tsis pub xa tawm los ntawm Venice kom tsis muaj neeg sab nraud tuaj yeem nthuav tawm qhov zais cia ntawm nws qhov tsim.

Pib pib txij li xyoo pua 14th, txhua lub khob iav ntawm cov koom pheej tau suav tias yog ib tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg muaj cai hauv zej zog. Thaum 15 xyoos, Murans tau txais lawv tus kheej kev tswj hwm, kev txiav txim plaub ntug thiab txiaj. Txij lub sijhawm ntawd mus txog rau xyoo pua 17th, kos duab ntawm Venetian glassmakers tau ntsib nws lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws.

cheeb tsam no tsuas yog tsim cov hlaws tiag tiag rau ntau pua xyoo. Nws cov tub lag luam coj cov khoom siv rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob, sib pauv rau cov txuj lom, silks thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kub. Cov pab pawg neeg African siv cov hlaws dai ua ib qho kev sib tham.

teb chaws Europe

Beading, lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm uas yog inextricably txuas nrog nws kis thoob ntiaj teb, yog nyob rau hauv kev xav tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Hauv nws lub tebchaws, tag nrho lub tsev khaws khoom tau tsim rau cov khoom siv no thiab cov rooj sib tham tshwj xeeb tau tuav rau kev muag cov hlaws.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau suav tias yog cov hlaws ci ntsa iab thiab me me, uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib nrab centimeter. Brocade hlaws, nrog rau cov polished los ntawm sab hauv, npog nrog kub lossis nyiaj, tau nrov heev.

Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm Asmeskas thiab qhov luv rau Is Nrias teb kuj cuam tshuam cov hlaws dai. Keeb kwm ntawm nws cov creation tau tsiv mus rau theem tshiab. Hloov chaw ua haujlwm iav, lawv pibtsim cov factories loj. Lub chaw ntawm cov khoom loj xws li Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, England thiab Fabkis. Jewellery kuj tau muag nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe.

New technologies

Ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th coj kev txhim kho tshiab hauv cov hlaws dai. Keeb kwm thiab modernity merged nrog lub advent ntawm cov cav tov uas ua cov kav dej los ntawm iav. Ua tsaug rau qhov thev naus laus zis no, kev tsim cov hlaws dai tau sai dua thiab pheej yig dua.

Kev sib tw siab hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm Venice thiab Bohemia tau dhau los ua lub zog muaj zog rau cov kws ua haujlwm kom muaj ntau yam xim, duab thiab ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv no. Nws tau txais koob meej ntawm cov poj niam nyob sab Europe. Cov khaub ncaws embroidered nrog cov hlaws dai ua cov fashionable tshaj plaws.

Cov khoom sau ntawm Lub Xeev Hermitage rau hnub no khaws cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv khaub ncaws los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Vim cov hlaws iav tiv taus lub sijhawm zoo, lawv tseem khaws lawv cov ci ntsa iab thiab rov hais dua.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.

Ntawm txoj kev hla ntawm 19th thiab 20th centuries, cov khoom no kuj yog nyob rau hauv heev xav tau thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no. Nws tau siv los kho cov hnab tes, hnab nyiaj, lub khob tuav thiab lwm yam khoom.

Beads tseem siv dav niaj hnub no ob qho tib si rau kev tsim cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub fashionable thiab ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom wardrobe. Keeb kwm ntawm beading rau cov me nyuam yog heev nthuav thiab multifaceted. Nws tuaj yeem ua qhov kev txhawb siab rau lawv kom pib ua haujlwm zoo nkauj zoo nkauj no.