Cov lus qhia rau cov pib tshiab: yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer. Cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-26 05:15

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom muaj tswv yim nrov tshaj plaws yog cov av nplaum polymer. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khoom plig, khoom ua si, thiab lwm yam yog tsim los ntawm nws, Yuav kom paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog polymer av nplaum, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov lus qhia ntawm cov kws paub txog craftsmen. Muaj ntau ntau subtleties thiab nuances, qhov kev paub uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev loj. Tom ntej no, xav txog cov tswv twg muab tswv yim rau cov pib tshiab thiab yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer.

Khoom nta

polymer av nplaum yog dab tsi thiab ua haujlwm nrog nws li cas? Cov khoom no tau tsim tsuas yog ib nrab xyoo dhau los. Niaj hnub no nws yog siv rau ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab kev muaj tswv yim tshaj lij. Niaj hnub no, yas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm yuav luag txhua lub khw muag khoom kos duab. Polymer av nplaum yog cov yas loj uas yog siv rau sculpting cov duab zoo nkauj thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Nws yog siv los tsim souvenirs, menyuam roj hmab, hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Los ntawm yas, zoo nkauj pajkev sau, duab puab thiab lwm yam.

Muaj ob hom yas tseem ceeb: ci thiab nws tus kheej-hardening polymer av nplaum. Yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm nrog nws yog qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm lub pob. Self-hardening compounds ua kom muaj zog nyob rau hauv ob peb teev (los yog txawm hnub) thaum sib cuag nrog huab cua. Qhov curing ceev nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom no yog khaws cia rau hauv lub ntim ntim.

Cov av nplaum tus kheej tau muab faib ua hnyav thiab lub teeb. Thawj ntawm cov ntau yam hauv kev sib xws zoo li av nplaum zoo tib yam. Nws tau qias neeg thaum nws ntub. Yog hais tias koj overdry hnyav av nplaum, nws yuav crumble. Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov yas zoo li cov tais diav. Lawv muaj matte nto, ntxhib rau kov. Yog xav tau, nws tuaj yeem sanded, pleev xim rau thiab varnished.

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ua qauv nrov tshaj plaws yog lub teeb polymer av nplaum. Yuav ua li cas nrog nws? Qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom no zoo ib yam li marshmallow. Av nplaum tuaj yeem dov rau hauv cov txheej nyias nyias. Yog li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv los tsim floral thiab natural compositions. Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no yog lub teeb heev tom qab hardening.

Tus kheej-hardening txias plooj (porcelain) sawv hauv ib pawg cais. Nws yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov paj. Lawv tawm los zoo heev thiab hloov tau.

Bake recipes

Ci polymer av nplaum yog nrov heev. Yuav ua li cas nrog nws? Ua ntej, cov duab sib txawv yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv. Lawv ces ci ntawmKub 110-130 ºC. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv lub qhov cub los yog microwave nrog lub ci ci. Koj tseem tuaj yeem txuas lub workpiece hauv dej ntshiab.

Cov yas ci yog ua los ntawm PVC. Lub plasticity ntawm cov khoom yog muab los ntawm tshwj xeeb additives. Lawv evaporate kiag li thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg yog rhuab. Hauv kev ua haujlwm, thermoplastic zoo ib yam li plasticine. Av nplaum thaum xub thawj yooj yim kneads nyob rau hauv ob txhais tes. Tom qab ntawd cov duab sib txawv yog tsim los ntawm nws.

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov yas ci, nws raug nquahu kom nyob hauv chav sov. Yog tias nws txias, nws yuav siv qee qhov kev siv zog los rub cov av nplaum polymer. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv ntev dhau lawm, nws yuav dhau los ua elastic. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yuav crumble, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau soften. Khaws cov khoom siv uas nthuav tawm kom deb ntawm lub qhov cub lossis roj teeb. Cov av nplaum yog qhwv hauv polyethylene yog tias lub pob tau qhib.

Qee zaum cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb yog siv los ua kom mos. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov kua yas tshwj xeeb lossis cov roj zaub (piv txwv li, cov roj almond, uas muag hauv khw muag tshuaj).

Txoj cai ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer yog dab tsi? Cov pib tshiab yuav tsum paub tias cov yas ci ci ua cov khoom siv ruaj khov. Yog tias koj yob tawm ib txheej nyias heev, cov khoom siv tom qab kev kho cua sov yuav hloov tau yooj yim. Yog li, piv txwv li, ib daim ntawv av nplaum uas tau dov heev nyias (0.8 hli) tuaj yeem yuav luag tag. Thaum cov khoom ncaj nraim, nws yuav khaws nws cov duab qub, yuav tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws.

Polymer av nplaum ntawm nontau yam muab faib ua ob peb hom:

• Plain. Ntawm kev muag khoom nws yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tuav ntawm cov xim sib txawv. Tom qab cua sov, tsis hloov xim, muaj matte nto.
• kua. Muag li tsis muaj xim los yog dawb gel.
• Txoj kev kaj. Colorless los yog tinted. Hom thib ob ntawm cov khoom yuav ua rau ntau saturated tom qab tua.
• Nrog cov fillers. Imitates hlau, pob zeb, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug glitter qauv.

Koj tuaj yeem sib tov ntau hom av nplaum. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib lub chaw tsim khoom rau qhov no.

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov tuam txhab yas rau cov pib

Yuav pib li cas nrog cov av nplaum polymer? Koj yuav tsum xaiv cov yas los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom zoo. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov khoom siv hauv Suav teb uas yuav hauv online. Lawv qhov zoo tsis tau raws li qhov tsim nyog. Cov neeg tsim khoom nrov tshaj plaws yog:

• Fimo. German chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Yuav luag txhua tus kws ua haujlwm paub txog kev paub ua haujlwm nrog Fimo polymer av nplaum. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov nyiam tshaj plaws thiab ib qho zoo tshaj plaws polymer av nplaum nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no. Ib tug dav palette ntawm ntxoov, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas sib txawv los thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv ua rau cov yas no nrov. Rau cov pib tshiab, Fimo Soft yog tsim nyog. Cov Kws Tshaj Lij thiab Cov Menyuam Yaus tuaj yeem tsim qee qhov teeb meem thaum ua haujlwm. Cov kws tshaj lij yuav zoo li ntxhib dhau, thaum cov menyuam yaus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog mos heev.
• Sculpey, Premo. Cov tuam txhab Asmeskas tseem paub txog lawv cov khoom zoo. Lawv muaj ib tug nplua nuj palette, ci, saturated xim. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov yas ntawm cov tuam ntxhab no tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov hloov me ntsis hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo tom qab kev kho cua sov.
• Cernit. Belgian polymer av nplaum yog yas, ruaj tom qab ci. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom yuav hloov xim.
• "Sonnet", "Artifact". Cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev tsim cov yas zoo tshaj plaws rau cov pib tshiab. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog tsawg, thiab palette yog nplua nuj. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv uas suav nrog ob peb xim tshwj xeeb xaiv.
• Darwi, Fimo Cua, ClayCraft. Qhov no yog polymer av nplaum uas hardens thaum raug huab cua. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tsis yog tsim los ua kom nyias nyias, cov ntsiab lus zoo.

khoom siv ntxiv

Koj xav tau dab tsi los ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer? Ntxiv nrog rau cov yas nws tus kheej, koj yuav tsum tau yuav ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Cov tseem ceeb yog:

• Ua kua muag muag. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau tus tswv tshiab los siv cov ntawv sau zoo li no. Tab sis dhau sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem sim. Cov tshuaj Softeners pab txhawm rau txhawm rau qee qhov chaw ua ntej kev kho cua sov, ua rau cov av nplaum ntau dua pliable, mus rau ib qho kev ntxhib los mos. Qhov no khaws cov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom.
• Ci kub yaj nplaum nplaum. Tso cai rau koj los txuas qhov sib txawv. Tej zaum yuav tsis xav tau tag nrho yog siv cov softeners.
• Lacquer. Nws yog siv thaum lub sij hawm tiav ntawm lub workpiece. Yuavnws xaiv tau. Koj yuav tsum yuav cov kua roj vanish rau cov av nplaum polymer. Acrylic compositions nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis ua hauj lwm. Sij hawm dhau mus, lawv yuav pib lo, thiab cov khoom yuav puas.
• Tinting composition. Qee cov txheej txheem rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer koom nrog kev siv cov khoom sib txuas. Qhov no, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem yog pastel qhuav ntawm cov xim uas haum.
• Acrylic xim. Tso cai rau koj mloog cov khoom siv.

Cov kws tshaj lij kws tshaj lij pom zoo siv ntau hom av nplaum xim. Qhov yuam kev ntawm cov neeg pib tshiab yog mus yuav cov yas dawb lossis pob tshab, uas tom qab pleev xim nrog acrylic xim. Qhov tshwm sim yuav tsis txaus siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov xim yuav pib lo, tawm hauv streaks thiab lint los ntawm txhuam ntawm nws. Koj kuj xav tau cov kua roj vanish tshwj xeeb. Acrylic paints tint muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis tsis txhob npog qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom tom qab ci.

Tools

Ua ntej koj pib, koj yuav tsum yuav cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer. Ib txheej ntawm improvised txhais tau tias yuav txawv heev. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov cuab yeej kos duab tshwj xeeb uas siv rau sculpting. Cov cuab yeej improvised kuj zoo heev rau kev tsim ntau yam duab thiab textures. Cov no tuaj yeem yog koob, toothpicks, cov cuab yeej los ntawm lub teeb manicure, thiab lwm yam.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia ob peb yam khoom tseem ceeb uas tau pom zoo rau tus pib yuav khoom thaum pib:

• scalpel riam;
• universal pawg nrog ob kawg (pob thiab tuab awl);
• silicone txhuam teeb (raws lixav).

Koj tuaj yeem ua lwm yam cuab yeej tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm koj tus kheej. Koj tuaj yeem qhia koj txoj kev xav thiab ua rau lawv los ntawm ntau yam uas nyob ntawm tes. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo siv cov cuab yeej yas thaum ua haujlwm, vim tias lawv siv tsis tau.

Xav txog cov lus pom zoo yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias ntxiv rau cov cuab yeej yooj yim ntawm tes, koj yuav xav tau ntau yam khoom pab. Txhawm rau yob tawm cov txheej txheem, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hlau zoo tib yam ntawm deodorant lossis hairspray.

Koj yuav tsum npaj qhov chaw rau kev muaj tswv yim. Nws yuav tsum du thiab nruj, tsis absorbing lub polymer muaj pes tsawg leeg. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov pwm (cov pwm tshwj xeeb silicone) los tsim cov duab sib txawv. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov nkoj, cov duab sib txawv raug txiav tawm, zoo li thaum siv cov ncuav qab zib cutters. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua haujlwm nrog hnab looj tes, thiab koj yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub so ntub ntawm tes.

Ib co lus qhia los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij

Cov kws tshaj lij craftsmen muab qee cov lus qhia rau cov neeg pib ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer. Nws tsim nyog xav txog tias cov pob khoom uas muaj cov khoom sib xws yuav tsis muaj hnub tas sij hawm. Tab sis rau qee qhov laj thawj, yas tseem tuaj yeem siv tsis tau. Piv txwv li, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob raug thauj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lub ntim yuav tsum tsis txhob depressurized. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob poob siab hauv koj qhov kev yuav khoom, koj yuav tsum nqa cov khoom ntawm lub txee hauv koj txhais tes, nyem nws nrog ob ntiv tes. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob nyuaj yog tias lub khw yog sov. Nws kuj yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov yas kom muaj cov kab nrib pleb.

Parquet lacquers yog zoo haum rau txheej cov khoom tiav ua los ntawm polymer av nplaum. Lawv yog cov dej-raws li, yog li lawv tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw tsw. Tab sis thaum siv cov kua roj vanish, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom ua tiav qhov zoo nkauj matte. Ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke no muaj qhov me me ntawm gloss.

av nplaum muaj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog li thaum ci, nws tuaj yeem tso cov ntxhiab tsw tsw qab. Cov khoom siv tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 8 xyoo. Cov tais diav, cov cuab yeej uas tau los rau hauv cov yas, txawm tias tom qab ntxuav, siv tsis tau los khaws zaub mov.

Xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sib xyaw cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov npe sib txawv. Qhov tshwm sim tej zaum yuav unpredictable. Txhawm rau tint av nplaum nrog acrylic, koj xav tau silicone txhuam, thiab rau pastels - ntuj muag sawv daws yuav.

Koj tsis tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm cov yas ci. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom yuav tawg yooj yim. Yuav kom tau txais cov xim dawb zoo kawg nkaus uas tsis muaj impurities, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov hnab looj tes, dov cov khoom ntawm lub khob. Tib lub sijhawm, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj lint ntawm cov khaub ncaws.

Yuav ua li cas nrog yas?

Txhawm rau tsim cov khoom xav tau, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm nrog polymer av nplaum? Rau cov pib tshiab, txhua qhov nuance tseem ceeb, yog li nyeem thiab nco ntsoov! Ua ntej, cov khoom yog kneaded nyob rau hauv ob txhais tes. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tias lawv sov, thiab chav tsis txias. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, txwv tsis pub npuas yuav tawm ntawm cov yas thaum ci, nws yuav tsis yooj yim.

Yog tias cov av nplaum polymer yog tawv, nws tuaj yeem muag nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog Moldmaker plasticizer. Koj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw cov yas mos thiab tawv tawv, knead nws zoo. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li qhov kev faib ua feem uas cov av nplaum yuav tsis lo rau koj txhais tes.

Yog tias cov khoom muag muag heev, koj yuav tsum tawm me me rau hauv huab cua rau 1.5-2 teev. Nws tau muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv dawb. Thaum daim ntawv ua greasy nyob rau hauv cov yas, koj tuaj yeem siv nws rau sculpting. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov yas yas ntau dhau tau tawm ntawm cov khoom.

Thaum kawm cov lus qhia yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov av nplaum polymer rau cov neeg pib tshiab, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb tias nws tuaj yeem sib xyaw. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws hloov tawm mus teem tsis tau tsuas yog qhov sib xws, tab sis kuj ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom. Thaum cov khoom tsim, nws muab tso rau hauv qhov cub preheated. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob kis tus ntxhiab tsw phem thoob plaws hauv chav tsev, tig lub hood, thiab muab cov khoom tso rau hauv lub tes tsho.

Kane

Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem nthuav dav rau kev ua haujlwm nrog plasticity yog kev tsim cov canes. Xav txog lawv qhov chaw tsim khoom siv qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov khoob hauv daim ntawv ntawm txiv kab ntxwv slices. Ua li no, npaj cov txiv kab ntxwv, daj thiab dawb polymer av nplaum. Nws yog kneaded thiab sausages yog tsim los ntawm ob xim. Cov yas daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv yog muab tso ua ke thiab dov tawm dua hauv daim ntawv sausage. Nws qhov loj me raws tag nrho qhov ntev yuav tsum yog tib yam. Yuav muaj qhov chaw daj nyob hauv nruab nrab, uas yuav mus ncig cov txiv kab ntxwv yas los ntawm yuav luag txhua sab.

av nplaum dawbdov tawm hauv ib txheej nyias. Ib tug txiv kab ntxwv-daj dawb paug yog qhwv nrog xws li ib daim ntawv. Cov hnyuv ntxwm yog khoov, tsim lub kaum sab xis ntawm ib sab. Koj yuav tsum tau txais 8 qhov sib npaug ntev, uas tau muab tais ua ke hauv lub voj voog (nrog rau lub kaum sab xis mus rau qhov chaw). Tom qab ntawd lawv tau qhwv dua nrog ib daim ntawv dawb ntawm cov yas. Los ntawm cov khoom siv txiv kab ntxwv, ib txheej yog dov tawm me ntsis thicker. Lawv kuj qhwv lub workpiece rau saum. Tau tsim ib lub tog raj kheej nrog tib seem loj raws tag nrho ntev, nws yog txiav nrog ib rab riam. Nws hloov tawm cov voj voog zoo li lub txiv kab ntxwv hauv cov ntsiab lus. Lawv tuaj yeem txiav ib nrab lossis sab laug raws li yog.

Moulds

Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem nrov yog kev siv cov pwm tshwj xeeb silicone. Lawv hu ua pwm. Lawv tso cai rau koj los tsim volumetric blanks. Yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm nrog pwm rau polymer av nplaum? Koj yuav tsum tau yuav cov pwm uas koj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom xav tau.

Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog khob noom. Daim ntawv muaj ob ntu. Thawj tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub ncuav mog qab zib, thiab lub thib ob tsim lub creamy sab saum toj. Rau kev tsim khoom, koj xav tau ob qhov sib thooj ntawm cov yas yas. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv dav thiab dav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau cog cov av nplaum zoo. Qhov ntau tshaj nyob rau sab saum toj yog txiav tawm nrog ib rab riam kom cov khoom raws nraim flush nrog pwm. Tom ntej no, silicone pwm yog khoov thiab lub workpiece yog pw rau ntawm ib tug nyuaj nto. Koj tuaj yeem tint ribbed ntug ntawm cupcake puag nrog qhuav pastel.

Yog daim ntawv tob, av nplaum tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm nws ua ntej ci. Sab hauv, cov khoom yog nteg maj mam, los ntawm tej daim. Tsuas yog tom qab kev kho cua sovtuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm pwm.

Polishing

Txhawm rau muab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom tiav ci, nws tuaj yeem polished. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm hauv qab dej. Koj tuaj yeem polish cov khoom ncaj qha hauv qab lub dav hlau ntws ntawm tus kais dej. Koj tuaj yeem kos dej rau hauv lub phiab thiab dilute me ntsis xab npum hauv nws. Yog tias qhov tsis sib xws yog qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv xuab zeb loj No. 220 yog xav tau. Yog tias muaj cov khawb me me lossis cov ntiv tes rau ntawm qhov chaw, qhov loj No. 400 yuav ua. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua kua roj vanish cov khoom.