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Tus Grunfeld Defense hauv chess
Tus Grunfeld Defense hauv chess
Anonim

Grunfeld Defense hauv chess yog qhov qhib hluas. Nws muaj hnub nyoog ib puas xyoo. Qhov no yog qhov pib rau cov neeg uas nyiam counterattacking ua si thaum tuav txoj haujlwm ruaj ntseg. Nws yog thawj zaug siv rau theem kev tshaj lij hauv xyoo 1922 los ntawm Ernst Grunfeld thaum sib tw nrog Albert Becker.

Grunfeld Defense Tswv yim

Qhov kev ua si qhib no tau tsim tawm sai tom qab qhib ntawm Alekhine Defense thiab zoo ib yam li nws. Dub provokes tus nrog sib ntaus los tua cov knight ntawm f6 los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm infantryman rau pem hauv ntej, thiab tom qab lub retreat, nws tawm tsam lub weakened center ntawm Dawb nrog tej daim thiab undermining lub pawns.

Tus Grunfeld Defense tsis tau ua raws li lub tswv yim ntawm chess ntawm nws lub sijhawm, yog li nws tau raug thuam los ntawm theoreticians tsis muaj kev hlub tshua. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev kawm thiab tau pom zoo siv los ntawm cov neeg uas nyiam txoj haujlwm nyuaj. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab kev txheeb xyuas qhov tob ntawm cov neeg ua si chess qib siab, qhov qhib tau nthuav dav nrog cov tswv yim tswv yim.

thawj daim duab
thawj daim duab

Kev txhim kho chess qhib

Ib puas xyoo dhau los, qhov pib no tau suav tias yog qhov yuam kev los ntawm qhov chaw pom. Nws raug pom zoo kom ua si Grunfeld Defense rau Dawb. Nwssim refute los ntawm kev sib pauv pawns ntawm d5 thiab pauv knights ntawm c3 nrog ib tug nruab nrab txav e4. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Dawb tau txais lub chaw pawn, thaum Dub tau tso tseg yam tsis muaj kev tsim tawm thiab tsis muaj, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, lub sijhawm tam sim los tawm tsam qhov chaw. Tab sis tsis yog.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov pauv no, txoj haujlwm no yog qhov Dub tab tom siv zog rau hnub no. Nws tus npis sov tsaus nti yuav coj g7-square, tom qab ntawd Dub yuav ua rau lub chaw nrog c5. Nrog rau qhov kev npaj no, lawv nyob hauv txoj haujlwm zoo. Qee lub sij hawm, lawv yuav pauv tus npis sov lub teeb-squared rau cov yeeb ncuab knight sawv ntawm f3, lossis lawv yuav muab tso rau ntawm b7 thiab ntxiv dag zog rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tus tub rog thib ob yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Kev sib pauv ntawm f3 tau siv hauv Vidmar-Alekhine match xyoo 1936 thiab Dawb tsis ua tiav.

Tom qab kaum xyoo, pom qhov hloov pauv tshiab, uas tus npis sov lub teeb-squared txhim kho ntawm c4, thiab tom qab ntawd tus huab tais tus tub rog ntawm e2. Qhov no tso cai rau koj txuag lub chaw pawn. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, qhov kev loj hlob no tau ntse siv los ntawm Boris Spassky thiab Efim Geller.

daim duab thib ob
daim duab thib ob

Kev sib pauv pib hauv qhov chaw thiab kev txhim kho los ntawm Vasily Smyslov

Tom qab ntawd, thaum pom tias tom qab ntes tau qhov chaw, sab tawm tsam tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig, kev tshawb nrhiav lwm yam ntxiv mus ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv thaj chaw nruab nrab. Tom qab qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm lub ntsiab drawback ntawm variation, uas yog lub peev xwm ntawm Dub sib pauv nees thiab simplifying qhov kev ua si, lub tswv yim ntawm kev ntes lub hauv paus cheeb tsam yam tsis muaj exchanges simplifying qhov kev ua si tau qhia. Lub sijhawm no, thaum ua si rau dub, Grunfeld tiv thaiv tau pom tias yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha.

BNyob rau hauv 1933 kev sib tw ntawm Ragozin thiab Romanovsky, sab tawm tsam tau tsim ib qho chaw cia hauv nruab nrab yam tsis muaj kev sib pauv thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Rau lub sijhawm ntev, qhov kev xaiv tau suav tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau sab kev tawm tsam. Ua ntej yuav tsiv lub e-pawn, Dawb coj huab tais tus nees rau f3, coj tus huab tais mus rau b3, thiab tsuas yog tom qab kev sib pauv ntawm c4 nws puas ua si e4. Nws tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo 1940s uas txoj kev npaj tsim los ntawm Vasily Smyslov tau lees paub tias yooj yim rau Dub.

peb daim duab
peb daim duab

Kev txuas ntxiv

Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab theoretical variation ntawm Grunfeld tiv thaiv, tom qab sib pauv ib khub pawns thiab knights, Dub nqa tawm lub npaj fianchetto ntawm tsaus-squared tub ceev xwm ntawm lub ntsiab kab pheeb ces kaum h8-a1. Lawv tus nrog sib ntaus, ua ntej, coj tus huab tais tus npis sov rau c4. Nws qhov kev tshem tawm thaum ntxov yog vim qhov tseeb tias Dawb npaj yuav coj tus tub rog mus rau e2, nrog rau kev txav mus tom ntej ntawm f-pawn thiab, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob thaiv txoj hauv kev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog, tsis sib haum rau chess hauv paus, txhim kho tus tub ceev xwm. ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd tus tub rog.

Dub tam sim ntawd tawg dub qhov chaw los ntawm kev nce qib c7-c5. Thiab lawv tus nrog sib ntaus, raws li tau npaj tseg, coj tus nees los ntawm huab tais mus rau e2. Tom qab ntawd, tus tiv thaiv sab yuav tsev fuabtais thiab, thaum kawg consolidated combat units, yuav tua Dawb lub pawn center, txeeb lub teg num. Cov neeg tawm tsam yuav sim ua kom nws thiab txhim kho lawv txoj kev pib.

daim duab plaub
daim duab plaub

Computer version

Tam sim no, qhov tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv ntawm Grunfeld Defence, tom qab sib pauv pawns ntawm d5 thiab knights ntawm c3, yog fianchetting ntawm tus npis sov tsaus nti. Tom qab ntawdDawb txhim kho tus huab tais huab tais ntawm f3, thiab tus nrog sib ntaus tam sim ntawd ua rau lub hauv paus los ntawm kev nce qib infantryman mus rau c5 square. Sab laug coj tus tub ceev xwm lub teeb-squared mus rau e2, npaj mus rau lub tsev fuabtais nyob rau sab luv luv, thaum sab tiv thaiv tsim cov huab tais knight ntawm c6.

Dawb siv d5, yuam cov tub rog txiav txim siab rau qhov chaw nres tsheb tom ntej, tab sis Dub tsis maj nrawm nrog qhov no, nqa lub pawn rau c3, tib lub sijhawm tshaj tawm daim tshev rau tus yeeb ncuab huab tais thiab yuav yeej cov khoom. pe a1. Dawb npog nrog ib tug npis sov, dub yuav siv sij hawm ib tug rook, tom qab uas nws tus nrog sib ntaus yeej rov qab ib daim uas tseem ceeb ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Dub tus tub rog tsiv mus rau d4, qhov chaw sib pauv dua, tom qab ntawd nws tseem tshuav nrog cov khoom siv ntxiv. Dawb, nrog kev pab los ntawm ob tug npis sov muaj zog, ib tug poj huab tais, rooks koom nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej thiab ib tug khub ntawm lub hauv paus pawns muaj zog, yuav tso siab rau lub yeej ntawm yeeb ncuab camp.

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