Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub koob yees duab ib nrab? Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv lub koob yees duab semi-professional

2024 Tus sau: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-26 05:10

Kev yees duab yog ib qho haujlwm nthuav heev, nws pab peb ntes lub sijhawm txaus nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm lub neej, nrog rau nthuav qhia peb lub siab thiab lub siab lub ntsws los ntawm cov duab. Rau ntau tus, kev yees duab yog ib txoj hauj lwm, thiab rau lwm tus nws yog ib qho kev nyiam, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev yees duab ib txwm tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov duab kos duab. Thiab yog tias koj txiav txim siab coj cov duab digital ntau dua lossis tsawg dua tiag tiag, ces ua ntej koj yuav tsum pib xaiv lub koob yees duab zoo rau lub koob yees duab no. Txij li cov koob yees duab kev tshaj lij yog kim thiab tsuas yog tsis xav tau rau cov kws yees duab amateur, lub koob yees duab semi-professional yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj no. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog ib qho tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog lub tswv yim tsis meej thiab dav. Thiab tam sim no koj yuav pom tias nws txhais li cas thiab xaiv lub koob yees duab semi-professional.

ThawjPuas yog lub koob yees duab semi-professional txawv ntawm "lub thawv xab npum"?

pab pawg ntawm cov koob yees duab no yog tsim los rau cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem siv tus qauv "xiav lub thawv", tab sis leej twg tsis mus siv lub koob yees duab rau kev lag luam, uas yog, ua haujlwm hauv chav yees duab.

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, xws li lub koob yees duab yog qhov txawv ntawm lub peev xwm los kho tus nqi ISO, uas yog, qib ntawm matrix lub teeb rhiab heev, muaj peev xwm tswj aperture thiab shutter ceev, thiab phau ntawv tsom. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv cov koob yees duab zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa qhov dawb tshuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov koob yees duab semi-professional, tsis zoo li cov pa "xiav tshuaj ntxuav tais diav", nws muaj peev xwm hloov lub lens. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab uas lub koob yees duab semi-professional xaiv yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm lo ntsiab muag ntawm txhua hom uas tsim cov koob yees duab. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub koob yees duab yuav nyob ntawm seb dav npaum li cas lub nkoj ntawm optics ib lub tuam txhab muaj thiab yuav muaj qhov optics li cas rau tus neeg yuav khoom.

ISO, shutter ceev thiab aperture yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj xav ua duab thiab tseem tsis tau hla cov ntsiab lus no, ces koj yuav tsum paub tias nws yog dab tsi. ISO yog qib ntawm lub teeb rhiab heev ntawm lub koob yees duab matrix. Qhov siab dua nws cov nqi, qhov siab dua lub teeb rhiab heev, txawm li cas los xij, lub suab nrov tshwm ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis siab (qhov muaj ntau ntau xim dots hauv daim duab). Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tsis txhob siab dhau ISO qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub teeb qis thaum twg ua tau, them nyiaj rau lub teeb qis los ntawmraug lengthening. Ua ntej xaiv lub koob yees duab ib nrab thiab thaum kawg txiav txim siab tias koj yuav yuav cov qauv no, yog tias ua tau, saib cov duab thaij nrog lub koob yees duab no ntawm tus nqi siab ISO, thiab ntsuas cov suab nrov hauv daim duab.

Shutter ceev yog lub sij hawm lub shutter ntawm lub lens thiab lub koob yees duab matrix yuav qhib. Lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ob peb feem ntawm ib ob mus rau ob peb feeb. Tus nqi ntawm lub teeb uas muaj sij hawm los ntaus lub matrix nyob ntawm lub shutter ceev. Tab sis qeeb qeeb qeeb qeeb tuaj yeem ua rau pom qhov muag plooj, kom tsis txhob muaj qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub tripod.

Aperture yog ib qho khoom siv hauv lub lens, muaj cov paj ntoo. Nws muaj peev xwm qhib thiab nkaum. Nrog rau qhov qhib aperture, ntau lub hnub ci nkag mus rau hauv matrix, yog li koj tuaj yeem teeb lub shutter ceev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw (DOF) nyob ntawm seb qhov aperture qhib li cas. Yog tias lub aperture qhib, qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsawg dua, yog tias nws tau npog - ntau dua.

DSLR nta

Lub npe hu ua "reflex cameras" yog lub koob yees duab uas siv daim iav, uas yog lub npe meej. Nws zaum nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub sensor ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm plaub caug-tsib degrees thiab ua hauj lwm rau redirect cov duab los ntawm lub lens ncaj qha mus rau lub viewfinder koj tab tom saib los ntawm. Cov duab no yog inverted, yog li nyob rau hauv tus tsim ntawm SLR koob yees duabkuj tseem muaj pentaprism uas tig cov duab uas pom los ntawm daim iav.

Kuj hauv SLR koob yees duab muaj "LiveView" hom, uas tso cai rau koj tso duab rau ntawm lub koob yees duab npo. Yog tias koj tsis mus siv lub qhov muag pom qhov muag vim nws yooj yim dua rau koj thaij duab los ntawm kev tsom mus rau qhov screen, ces daim iav hauv lub koob yees duab yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau koj.

Ntau lub tuam txhab tau koom nrog kev tsim cov koob yees duab zoo li no, cov npe nrov tshaj plaws yog Canon thiab Nikon. Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm lub koob yees duab semi-professional SLR xaiv yuav nyob ntawm seb koj lub peev xwm nyiaj txiag thiab saj thiab nyiam. Thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab, yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm qhov yooj yim npaum li cas ntawm koj txhais tes, yooj yim npaum li cas cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov nyees khawm, thiab lwm yam. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, qhov zoo ntawm cov duab. Koj tuaj yeem nqa ob peb qhov kev sim txhaj tshuaj nrog cov koob yees duab sib txawv hauv lub khw, thiab tom qab ntawd pom ntawm lub vijtsam loj uas qhov twg zoo dua. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov duab ntawm lub built-in zaub ntawm lub koob yees duab.

System koob yees duab

System (los yog, raws li lawv tseem hu ua, mirrorless) koob yees duab yog lub koob yees duab uas tsis muaj daim iav thiab pentaprism, feem, kuj tsis muaj qhov muag pom. Los ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws "xiav xab npum tais diav" xws li cov koob yees duab yog qhov txawv ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv qhia chaw, muaj peev xwm hloov lub lens, thiab lub cev loj ntawm matrix. Nws yog nyob ntawm qhov loj me uas qhov zoo ntawm qhov tshwm simduab. Qhov loj dua matrix, cov duab zoo dua koj tuaj yeem tau txais hauv lub teeb qis, lub suab nrov tsawg yuav muaj. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias thaum xaiv "xiav tshuaj ntxuav tais diav", ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau tsis yog tag nrho rau tus naj npawb ntawm megapixels, tab sis rau lub cev loj ntawm matrix los yog cov qoob loo. Cov qoob loo zoo yog tus nqi uas qhia tau hais tias qhov loj npaum li cas ntawm qhov muab matrix yog me dua qhov loj ntawm ib daim ntawv puv (35x24 mm). Piv txwv li, ib qho qoob loo ntawm 2 txhais tau hais tias lub sensor siv hauv lub koob yees duab no yog 2 npaug me dua li qhov loj ntawm tag nrho. Niaj hnub no, cov koob yees duab nrog lub koob yees duab puv npo yog qhov tsawg heev thiab yog cov kws tshaj lij, ntxiv rau, lawv, tau kawg, muaj tus nqi siab.

In system koob yees duab, matrix ntawm 17, 3x13 mm, uas yog, 3x4 ntiv tes, feem ntau yog siv. Cov qoob loo tseem ceeb yog ob. Tsis tshua muaj siv matrices nrog cov qoob loo ntawm 1.5, uas yog, qhov loj tib yam li hauv SLR koob yees duab. Lub koob yees duab nrog cov sensors no yog tsim los ntawm Sony, yog ib lub tuam txhab nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov koob yees duab tsis muaj iav.

Olympus thiab Panasonic kuj yog cov tuam txhab nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm cov koob yees duab tsis pom kev.

Cas

Vim tias koj xav tau lub koob yees duab zoo thiab zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov zoo ntawm cov yas los ntawm lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev tuaj yeem yog hlau - nws tseem zoo dua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum kuaj xyuas lub koob yees duab hauv lub khw uas koj yuav tsum tau nias tag nrho cov nyees khawm kom paub tseeb tias lawv zoo.ua hauj lwm thiab tsis txhob tog.

Txij thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab ib nrab yog lub luag haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem pom cov neeg siv tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb uas koj nyiam (ua ntej yuav nws).

Tshuaj xyuas lub koob yees duab sensor ua ntej yuav nws

Tam sim no koj twb paub yuav ua li cas xaiv lub koob yees duab semi-professional, thiab koj tuaj yeem mus rau tom khw. Thaum koj twb tau saib cov qauv uas koj nyiam, tshawb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm nws lub rooj sib txoos, nws tseem yuav ua ib qho kev sim me me ntxiv - xyuas lub koob yees duab matrix rau tawg thiab kub pixels. tawg - cov pixels uas tsis ua hauj lwm thiab tsis teb rau lub teeb yog dawb dots. Kub - kuj faulty pixels, uas ib txwm nyob twj ywm ib yam xim.

Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas, koj yuav tsum tua lub flash, kaw lub koob yees duab lens thiab thaij ob peb daim duab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev ceev. Thaum ua cov txheej txheem no, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ISO, qhov siab tshaj plaws duab daws teeb meem thiab lub suab nrov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau saib cov duab no ntawm lub monitor loj.

Yog tias muaj cov xim sib txawv ntawm daim duab - lub matrix tsis zoo, vim cov no yog cov pixels kub heev thiab tawg. Lawv yuav muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov duab coj nrog lub koob yees duab no yam tsis muaj kev zam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis kaj siab yog tias lawv nyob hauv nruab nrab. Yog tias daim duab dub tag, koj tuaj yeem nqa daim ntawv no yam xyuam xim.