Stamps: hom nyiaj muas, cov khoom tsis tshua muaj

2024 Tus sau: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-26 05:16

Txij thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, cov nyiaj muas noj tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom sau. Hom ntawv nyiaj ib txwm muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm cov xeev, nrog rau keeb kwm ntawm kev xa ntawv thoob ntiaj teb.

Thaum xub thawj nws yog ib daim duab plaub. Tom qab ntawd nws tau dhau los ua kab rov tav, thiab cov duab tau nyob hauv lub oval (philatelists paub cov nyiaj muas noj xws li "bull's ob lub qhov muag", lawv tau tsim hauv Brazil). Ua raws li lawv, British Guiana, Is Nrias teb, Romania, Afghanistan, Russia pib ua cov nyiaj muas noj. Ib me ntsis tom qab, England thiab North America tau tsim ib lub cim square nrog lub hauv paus rau saum. Daim duab peb sab, hexagonal (Belgium), octagonal (Turkey) stamps kuj paub.

Rau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm kev muaj sia nyob muaj ntau hom kev sib txawv ntawm hom. Hom nyiaj thwj cuam tshuam qhov kev xav ntawm ib tus neeg:

• geometric duab: squares, rhombuses, daim duab peb sab, trapezoids, tsis xwm yeem geometric duab, voj voog;
• puab: txiav pob zeb diamond, thaj chaw ciam teb ntawm xeev, dav dawb hau, roj rig, tus neeg ncaws pob;
• puab txiv hmab txiv ntoo: cola, banana.

Ntawm no yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm lub thwj yuav coj li cas.

Postmark

Thawj lub thwj xa ntawv tau tshwm sim hauv London xyoo 1840. Nws yog ib daim duab ntawm poj huab tais Victoria nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau dub tsim nyog ib lub nyiaj. "Black Penny" - qhov no yog lub npe ntawm no invention ntawm Roland Hill, tom qab ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub chaw xa ntawv nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv. Lub thwj cim no tau ua ib qho kos npe ntawm kev xa ntawv.

Kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv Tebchaws Europe tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd ntawm kev nrawm nrawm thiab xav tau nrawm los ntawm kev xa ntawv xa mus. Qhov ntim ntawm kev xa ntawv tau loj, thiab tus nqi xa ntawv tau siab. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog cov neeg nplua nuj tuaj yeem siv kev xa ntawv. Cov ntawv sau tau them los ntawm tus neeg txais.

Hill niam yog ib tug neeg xa ntawv mus ntev, nws thiaj paub txog tej yam tsis zoo no. Thiab tom qab ntawd ib lub tswv yim zoo los rau hauv nws lub siab: kev xa ib tsab ntawv yuav tsum pheej yig dua, thiab tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum them rau nws, leej twg yuav tau txais daim ntawv me me rau kev them nyiaj rau kev pabcuam. Daim ntawv txais nyiaj tau muab tso rau hauv tsab ntawv thiab muab tso tseg nrog lub thwj tiv thaiv nws rov siv dua.

Ntawm no yog daim npav xa nyiaj yug.

zoo peev

Txij thaum pib mus txog rau tam sim no, cov ntawv xa nyiaj tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws rau kev sau. Lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, koj tuaj yeem yuav lawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov khw tshwj xeeb muab cov nyiaj xaum xaum xaum, cov nqi uas muaj txij li kaum tawm rubles mus rau ntau pua txhiab daus las. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntseeg siab xav txog qhov kev yuav khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig, ib txoj hauv kev txuag nyiaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov taw qhia ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm tib neeg yog kev sau cov khoom xws li nyiaj muas. Hom hom, piv txwv li, sib sau ua ke cov neeg nyiam nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, ua cov ntaub ntawv rau lawv, ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.

Kev txij nkawm muaj nuj nqis

Philately yog ib qho haujlwm uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov neeg ua raws li hom kev sau no muaj lub sijhawm los mus tas li tau txais cov nyiaj muas noj uas kim heev, tus nqi uas tau loj hlob txhua xyoo. Xws li cov qauv no feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau. Cov neeg sau npe nrov ib txwm muaj cov ntawv xa nyiaj kim heev, cov nqi uas tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qee yam kev sib yuav tau tso cai thaum luam ntawv. Qhov no ua rau lawv muaj nqis heev.

Tam sim no 10 sab saum toj yog lub ntiaj teb nto moo, uas suav nrog cov khoom kim tshaj plaws.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Qhov chaw		USD tus nqi	Uniqueness
1	"Holy Grail"	2,970,000	Denomination 1 xees, tsuas yog ob lub thwj thiaj li paub.
2	"Sicilian xim yuam kev"	2,720,000	Ob lub thwj tam sim no paub, tus nqi uas yog vim muaj xim yuam kev. Daim ntawv pov thawj no tau tshaj tawm xyoo 1859 (tawm ntawm xya lub daj, ib qho yog xiav).
3	"peb txuj ci daj"	2,300,000	3 Swedish banco txuj ci tau luam tawm hauv daj-txiv kab ntxwv zoo li 8 qhov kev txawj banco thiab yuav tsum yog xiav-ntsuab.
4	"Baden xim yuam kev"	2,000,000	Tshaj tawm xyoo 1851 hauv Baden. Lub denomination ntawm lub stamp yog 9 kreuzers. Yuav tsum tau mauve, tab sis tau luam tawm nrog daim ntawv xiav-ntsuab uas tau luam tawm ntawm 6 kreuzer stamps.
5	"Blue Mauritius"	1 150 000	Tshaj tawm xyoo 1847, denomination ntawm ob pence. Muaj 6 tus qauv no paub.
6	"Tag nrho lub tebchaws yog liab"	1 150 000	Suav stamp los ntawm 1968, unreleased, auctioned by Tuam Tshoj Tus Saib Xyuas hauv 2012.
7	"Pink Mauritius"	1 070 000	Mauritius kob stamp. Kev sib yuav hauv cov xim (qhov tseeb yog txiv kab ntxwv) thiab hauv cov ntawv sau (yuav tsum yog lo lus "Post Paid" / nqi them /, thiab ntawm nws "Post Office" / post office /).
8	"Inverted Jennie"	977 500	Tus nqi ntsej muag yog 24 xees. Lub dav hlau Curtis-Jenny tau luam tawm upside down.
9	"British Guiana"	935 000	Nominal tus nqi 1 xees. Nws muaj cov duab octagonal. Cim tes sau kos npe ntawm Postmaster E. White.
10	"Tiflis Unique"	763 600	Tawm hauv Russia xyoo 1857. Thawj lub npe Lavxias teb sab. Tsib daim ntawv uas paub.

zoo peev

Kev nqis peev hauv cov nyiaj muas noj muaj kev nyab xeeb, nyab xeeb thiabmuaj txiaj ntsig. Lawv ib txwm nyob rau hauv kev thov. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov ntawv luam poob rau hauv qeb ntawm tsawg. Cov nyiaj tsis tshua muaj yog cov ntawv luam uas muaj nyob hauv qee qhov nyiaj. Qhov tsawg ntawm lawv, tus nqi siab dua rau cov hom lag luam no yuav yog, raws.

Qhov tsis zoo li no feem ntau piav qhia los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv. Ib daim ntawv ntawm cov xim tsis raug yuav poob, thiab tam sim no ib lub thwj tsis tshua tau npaj txhij. Los yog cov duab yuav muab luam tawm upside down. Los yog qhov loj tshaj plaws. Los yog tsis muaj cov hniav raws ntug.

Ntawm no yog cov nyiaj tsis tshua muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws:

• "Perm stamp". Tshaj tawm hauv St. Petersburg hauv xyoo 1879 rau ntawm daim ntawv nrog honeycomb watermark. Thiab ces muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim. txhiv hauv Perm, nws tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov dab neeg, raws li lub nroog tau los ua qhov chaw yug ntawm lub hom. Tsuas yog ob tus qauv no paub niaj hnub no.
• "Tiflis stamp". Tshaj tawm xyoo 1857 hauv Tiflis, luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv daj-dawb hauv strips ntawm tsib daim. Peb luam tau paub;
• "British black penny". Tshaj tawm xyoo 1840 hauv tebchaws Askiv. Thawj zaug.
• "Saint Mauritius". Tshaj tawm xyoo 1847, muaj qhov yuam kev hauv cov ntawv sau.
• "Tus Dawb Huv Grail". Qhov rarity tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tsuas yog ob tus qauv paub xwb.

Tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj muas noj no tsis txo qis rau lub sijhawm, uas txhais tau hais tias kev yuav khoom tsis tshua muaj philately, tus neeg ua lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig. Txhua daim tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus sau tus npau suav.

khoom muaj nqis

Tus nqi ntawm txhua lub npe yog qhov xwm txheej zoo. Nws lub ntsej muag tus nqifeem ntau sib npaug rau ob peb rubles, pence, nyiaj. Dab tsi ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig yog qee qhov xwm txheej lossis qhov xav tau ntawm tus neeg tau txais nws.

Tib hom tuaj yeem poob rau hauv ntau pawg nyob ntawm seb koj saib nws li cas. Cov khoom uas tsis tshua muaj npe nyob rau hauv nqe lus dhau los yuav suav nrog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, vim txhua tus neeg sau khoom txaus siab them ib qho twg kom tau txais daim ntawv theej rau nws tus kheej.

Lub Ntiaj Teb Cov Nyiaj Pov Hwm Tseem Ceeb Tshaj Plaws tuaj yeem nyob hauv 10 Tom ntej:

1. "Aspidka", USSR, 1931.
2. "Baden xim yuam kev", Baden, 1852.
3. "Basel Dove", Switzerland, 1845, ib lub cim.
4. "British Guiana", Guyana, 1856, ib lub cim paub.
5. "Be a Hero!", USSR, 1941.
6. Bull's Eye, Brazil, 1843.
7. "Bull's heads", Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Moldavia, 1858.
8. "Hawaiian Cov Tub txib", Hawaiian Principality, 1852.
9. "Blue Alexandria", Tebchaws USA, 1846, tib daim qauv hauv ntiaj teb.
10. "Blue and Pink Mauritius", Mauritius, 1847, muaj nuj nqis ntawm $ 15 lab.

Npaj hobby

Ntawm cov nyiaj ntau ntau, cov khoom sib sau sawv tawm. Cov qauv zoo li no qee zaum muaj nuj nqis ntawm qhov loj heev, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntau lub tsev loj. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov khoom siv tsawg thiab kim heev, twb tau hais los saum toj no.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj txiav txim siab pib sau thiab xav yuav ib yam khoom rau koj tus kheejmuaj nuj nqis, ces koj yuav tsum to taub tias nws raug nqi ntau.

Yuav khoom sib sau ua ke, koj tseem yuav nkag mus rau lub voj voog ntawm cov neeg nto moo heev, kev sib txuas lus nrog leej twg ib txwm nthuav. Yog li ntawd, kev sau tuaj yeem hu ua kev txawj ntse ua haujlwm.

Sau los ntawm Soviet philatelists

Philately hauv USSR tau nrov heev. Muaj ntau cov khoom ntiag tug uas tam sim no muag. Feem ntau, cov nyiaj muas ntawm lub Soviet Union yog kim, tab sis vim hais tias qhov kev thov yog tsawg tshaj li tus naj npawb ntawm collections, lawv cov nqi yog tsawg.

Tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj muas noj ntawm USSR niaj hnub no yog raws li nram no: txhua yam uas tau muab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum raug nqi nruab nrab ntawm 5 rubles ib daim ntawv, thiab lub thwj yuav tsum nyob rau hauv zoo meej thiab tsis muaj nyiaj muas.; ua ntej tus nqi 10-20 rubles.

Tus nqi qis vim tias cov khoom siv rau kev sau yog dawb hauv kev xa ntawv, kev xa nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj muas tau loj.

Stamps feem ntau yog muag hauv albums ntawm ntau pua daim. Tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom tsis yog siab heev, album yog tsim los rau lub hom phiaj sib txawv: los qhia tus tswv rau lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev sau, txaus siab rau qhov kev nyiam no.

Lub npe kim tshaj plaws ntawm USSR yog lub npe hu ua "Carton". Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv pov thawj rau txhua tus neeg koom nrog Thawj All-Union Exhibition ntawm Philately. Plaub daim ntawv luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv, qee qhov muaj cov ntawv sau "Rau Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws". Cov nplooj ntawv no tau dhau los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tom qab ib qho ntawm lawv tau muag ntawm kev sib tw hauv New York rau $ 766,000.

Xyoo 1840, lub ntiaj teb tau kawm txog kev tsim lub thwj. Txij thaum ntawd los, muaj ntau ntau hom nyiaj muas, tab sis lawv muaj ib yam uas zoo sib xws - qhov no yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm xa ntawv. Philatelist txhais tau hais tias "tus hlub ntawm daim ntawv xaj."

Cov paib zoo li no muaj nqis 10, 20, 30 kopecks tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Russia xyoo 1858, tom qab ntawv xa ntawv tuaj rau hauv, uas yog, cov ntawv tsis raug kaw. Thawj lub cim ntawm Soviet qhia txog kev ua liaj ua teb exhibition.

Txoj cai tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua lub cim ntawm txhua haiv neeg tsis yog los piav txog tib neeg tseem nyob rau ntawm lawv. Tab sis txoj cai no tsis siv rau philately ntawm lub Soviet Union.